Application Notes:
This 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid is a high purity standard that is ideal for analysis and biological systems. 3-Hydroxyoctanoic
acid is found primarily as polyhydroxyalkenoates in bacteria and other microorganisms where they can be as much as 90% of
the dry weight in some circumstances. 3-Hydroxy fatty acids are intermediates in fatty acid biosynthesis and have been
found to be converted to the omega-fatty acid by the enzyme CYP4F11 and then into dicarboxylic acids in vivo.1 3-Hydroxy
fatty acids are used as biomarkers for fatty acid oxidative disorders of both the long- and short-chain 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA
dehydrogenases.2,3 Polyhydroxyalkenoates, polyesters produced by bacteria fermentation, are used for carbon and energy
storage and are of interest in studies regarding their synthesis, properties and mechanisms and are used as biodegradable
plastics.4 Medium chain-length polyhydroxyalkenoate monomers such as 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid may have pharmaceutical
properties. 3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a beta-oxidation intermediate in humans and it demonstrates anti-lipolytic activity in
adipocytes.5
References:
1. M. Dhar et al. “Omega oxidation of 3-hydroxy fatty acids by the human CYP4F gene subfamily enzyme CYP4F11” Journal of Lipid Research, vol. 49,
pp. 612-624, 2008
2. P. Jones et al. “Improved Stable Isotope Dilution-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method for Serum or Plasma Free 3-Hydroxy-Fatty Acids and
Its Utility for the Study of Disorders of Mitochondrial Fatty Acid beta-Oxidation” Clinical Chemistry, vol. 46, pp. 149-155, 2000
3. P. Jones et al. “Accumulation of free 3-hydroxy fatty acids in the culture media of fibroblasts from patients deficient in long-chain l-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA
dehydrogenase: a useful diagnostic aid” Clinical Chemistry, vol. 47(7) pp. 1190-1194, 2001
4. J. Gangoiti et al. “Production of Chiral (R)-3-Hydroxyoctanoic Acid Monomers, Catalyzed by Pseudomonas fluorescens GK13 Poly(3-Hydroxyoctanoic
Acid) Depolymerase” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. 76 pp. 3554-3560, 2010
5. K. Ahmed et al. “Deorphanization of GPR109B as a Receptor for the beta-Oxidation Intermediate 3-OH-octanoic Acid and Its Role in the Regulation of
Lipolysis” J. Biol. Chem., vol. 284 pp. 21928-21933, 2009