Mixed Gangliosides, purified, porcine (NH₄⁺ salt)

This product contains a natural mixture of gangliosides (approximately 98% GM₁, GD_1a, GD_1b, and GT_1b) found in the central nervous system of adult bovine. The ratio of different gangliosides changes according to age, species, and organ. Gangliosides¹ are acidic glycosphingolipids that form lipid rafts in the outer leaflet of the cell plasma membrane, especially in neuronal cells in the central nervous system.² They participate in cellular proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, signal transduction, cell-to-cell interactions, tumorigenesis, and metastasis.³ The accumulation of gangliosides has been linked to several diseases including Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff disease. An autoimmune response against gangliosides can lead to Guillain-Barre syndrome. Gangliosides act as receptors for various toxins and bacteria, accumulate in different tumors, and aid in many neuronal functions. Therefore they are very important in therapeutic processes.